- Windows 10 - Wikipedia

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  Windows 10 has several editions, all with varying feature sets, use cases, or intended devices. Certain editions are distributed only on devices directly. Version (original release) · Version (November Update) · Version (Anniversary Update) · Version (Creators Update) · Version.  


- Windows 10 version history - Wikipedia



 

All you need to know about Slow, Fast, and Release Preview rings". Windows Central. October 21, Retrieved June 25, August 18, Retrieved September 3, November 12, Retrieved November 12, Ars Technica.

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September 13, Retrieved September 14, Retrieved May 3, Retrieved October 19, Windows blog. January 12, February 23, May 11, Retrieved May 11, Retrieved June 29, April 27, Retrieved May 6, April 30, Retrieved October 6, Retrieved May 12, Retrieved October 2, October 3, Retrieved October 9, Retrieved November 14, Retrieved November 13, Retrieved February 19, Microsoft Docs.

May 21, Retrieved July 16, Retrieved May 22, Retrieved November 6, Retrieved January 14, October 11, Retrieved February 5, May Retrieved June 15, Windows Blog. May 27, Retrieved May 27, October Retrieved December 31, Retrieved October 21, September 10, April 28, This article has many issues. Please help fix them or discuss these issues on the talk page. This article needs to be updated. You can help Wikipedia by updating it. January The English used in this article or section may not be easy for everybody to understand.

You can help Wikipedia by reading Wikipedia:How to write Simple English pages , then simplifying the article. July Archived from the original PDF on 12 December After a lengthy development process , Windows Vista was released on November 30, , for volume licensing and January 30, , for consumers. It contained a number of new features , from a redesigned shell and user interface to significant technical changes , with a particular focus on security features.

It was available in a number of different editions , and has been subject to some criticism , such as drop of performance, longer boot time, criticism of new UAC, and stricter license agreement. Vista's server counterpart, Windows Server was released in early On July 22, , Windows 7 and Windows Server R2 were released as RTM release to manufacturing while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista, which introduced a large number of new features , Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being compatible with applications and hardware with which Windows Vista was already compatible.

Windows 8 , the successor to Windows 7, was released generally on October 26, A number of significant changes were made on Windows 8, including the introduction of a user interface based around Microsoft's Metro design language with optimizations for touch-based devices such as tablets and all-in-one PCs.

These changes include the Start screen , which uses large tiles that are more convenient for touch interactions and allow for the display of continually updated information, and a new class of apps which are designed primarily for use on touch-based devices.

Other changes include increased integration with cloud services and other online platforms such as social networks and Microsoft's own OneDrive formerly SkyDrive and Xbox Live services , the Windows Store service for software distribution, and a new variant known as Windows RT for use on devices that utilize the ARM architecture , and a new keyboard shortcut for screenshots.

Windows 8 and Windows 8. On September 30, , Microsoft announced Windows 10 as the successor to Windows 8. It was released on July 29, , and addresses shortcomings in the user interface first introduced with Windows 8. Changes on PC include the return of the Start Menu, a virtual desktop system, and the ability to run Windows Store apps within windows on the desktop rather than in full-screen mode.

Windows 10 is said to be available to update from qualified Windows 7 with SP1, Windows 8. In February , Microsoft announced the migration of its Windows source code repository from Perforce to Git.

This migration involved 3. In June , shortly before Microsoft's announcement of Windows 11, Microsoft updated their lifecycle policy pages for Windows 10, revealing that support for their last release of Windows 10 will be October 14, On June 24, , Windows 11 was announced as the successor to Windows 10 during a livestream. The new operating system was designed to be more user-friendly and understandable.

It was released on October 5, In July , Microsoft announced it will start selling subscriptions to virtualized Windows desktops as part of a new Windows service in the following month. It is not a standalone version of Windows, but a web service that provides access to Windows 10 and Windows 11 built on top of Azure Virtual Desktop. The new service will allow for cross-platform usage , aiming to make the operating system available for both Apple and Android users.

The subscription service will be accessible through any operating system with a web browser. The new service is an attempt at capitalizing on the growing trend, fostered during the COVID pandemic , for businesses to adopt a hybrid remote work environment, in which "employees split their time between the office and home". As the service will be accessible through web browsers, Microsoft will be able to bypass the need to publish the service through Google Play or the Apple App Store.

Microsoft announced Windows availability to business and enterprise customers on August 2, Multilingual support has been built into Windows since Windows 3. The language for both the keyboard and the interface can be changed through the Region and Language Control Panel. Components for all supported input languages, such as Input Method Editors , are automatically installed during Windows installation in Windows XP and earlier, files for East Asian languages, such as Chinese, and right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic, may need to be installed separately, also from the said Control Panel.

Third-party IMEs may also be installed if a user feels that the provided one is insufficient for their needs. Interface languages for the operating system are free for download, but some languages are limited to certain editions of Windows.

Language Interface Packs LIPs are redistributable and may be downloaded from Microsoft's Download Center and installed for any edition of Windows XP or later — they translate most, but not all, of the Windows interface, and require a certain base language the language which Windows originally shipped with.

This is used for most languages in emerging markets. Full Language Packs, which translates the complete operating system, are only available for specific editions of Windows Ultimate and Enterprise editions of Windows Vista and 7, and all editions of Windows 8, 8.

They do not require a specific base language, and are commonly used for more popular languages such as French or Chinese. These languages cannot be downloaded through the Download Center, but available as optional updates through the Windows Update service except Windows 8. The interface language of installed applications is not affected by changes in the Windows interface language.

The availability of languages depends on the application developers themselves. Windows 8 and Windows Server introduces a new Language Control Panel where both the interface and input languages can be simultaneously changed, and language packs, regardless of type, can be downloaded from a central location.

The PC Settings app in Windows 8. Changing the interface language also changes the language of preinstalled Windows Store apps such as Mail, Maps and News and certain other Microsoft-developed apps such as Remote Desktop. The above limitations for language packs are however still in effect, except that full language packs can be installed for any edition except Single Language, which caters to emerging markets. Windows NT included support for several platforms before the x86 -based personal computer became dominant in the professional world.

Windows dropped support for all platforms, except the third generation x86 known as IA or newer in bit mode. With the introduction of the Intel Itanium architecture IA , Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support it. Itanium versions of Windows XP and Windows Server were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 counterparts. Windows Server line continues to support this platform until Windows Server ; Windows Server R2 is the last Windows operating system to support Itanium architecture.

Windows 11 is the first version to drop support for bit hardware. Windows CE officially known as Windows Embedded Compact , is an edition of Windows that runs on minimalistic computers , like satellite navigation systems and some mobile phones. The OEMs and device makers can modify and create their own user interfaces and experiences, while Windows CE provides the technical foundation to do so. Windows CE was the core from which Windows Mobile was derived.

Windows Phone 8 however, is based on the same NT-kernel as Windows 8. Xbox OS is an unofficial name given to the version of Windows that runs on Xbox consoles. Shortly after Windows was released, Microsoft switched to a fork of Perforce named Source Depot. In Microsoft announced that it would start using Git , an open source version control system created by Linus Torvalds and in May they reported that has completed migration into the Git repository.

Because of its large, decades-long history, however, the Windows codebase is not especially well suited to the decentralized nature of Linux development that Git was originally created to manage. Version market share As a percentage of desktop and laptop systems using Windows, [81] according to StatCounter data from April Use of Windows 10 has exceeded Windows 7 globally since early Including personal computers of all kinds e.

Those statistics do not include servers including so-called cloud computing , where Microsoft is known not to be a leader, with Linux used more than Windows , as Net Applications and StatCounter use web browsing as a proxy for all use. Consumer versions of Windows were originally designed for ease-of-use on a single-user PC without a network connection, and did not have security features built in from the outset.

These design issues combined with programming errors e. In June , Bruce Schneier 's Counterpane Internet Security reported that it had seen over 1, new viruses and worms in the previous six months.

Microsoft releases security patches through its Windows Update service approximately once a month usually the second Tuesday of the month , although critical updates are made available at shorter intervals when necessary. While the Windows 9x series offered the option of having profiles for multiple users, they had no concept of access privileges , and did not allow concurrent access; and so were not true multi-user operating systems.

In addition, they implemented only partial memory protection. They were accordingly widely criticised for lack of security. The Windows NT series of operating systems, by contrast, are true multi-user, and implement absolute memory protection. However, a lot of the advantages of being a true multi-user operating system were nullified by the fact that, prior to Windows Vista, the first user account created during the setup process was an administrator account, which was also the default for new accounts.

Though Windows XP did have limited accounts, the majority of home users did not change to an account type with fewer rights — partially due to the number of programs which unnecessarily required administrator rights — and so most home users ran as administrator all the time.

Windows Vista changes this [94] by introducing a privilege elevation system called User Account Control. When logging in as a standard user, a logon session is created and a token containing only the most basic privileges is assigned.

In this way, the new logon session is incapable of making changes that would affect the entire system. When logging in as a user in the Administrators group, two separate tokens are assigned. The first token contains all privileges typically awarded to an administrator, and the second is a restricted token similar to what a standard user would receive.

User applications, including the Windows shell , are then started with the restricted token, resulting in a reduced privilege environment even under an Administrator account. When an application requests higher privileges or "Run as administrator" is clicked, UAC will prompt for confirmation and, if consent is given including administrator credentials if the account requesting the elevation is not a member of the administrators group , start the process using the unrestricted token.

Leaked documents published by WikiLeaks , codenamed Vault 7 and dated from to , detail the capabilities of the CIA to perform electronic surveillance and cyber warfare, [96] such as the ability to compromise operating systems such as Windows.

Retrieved December 8, Windows Experience Blog. PC Pro. July 29, April 23, Retrieved July 16, March 20, Microsoft says Hello to palm-vein biometrics". Retrieved February 10, March 17, Retrieved March 17, Retrieved July 18, Microsoft Docs. Retrieved October 30, Windows Developer Blog.

June 17, Retrieved January 2, This means you can now use WSL for machine learning, artificial intelligence, and data science scenarios more easily when big data sets are involved.

Scott Hanselman's Blog. Windows PowerShell Blog. Archived from the original on April 2, Retrieved March 20, Retrieved January 23, Retrieved April 29, Retrieved March 25, Retrieved October 21, Retrieved January 9, September 10, Retrieved May 17, May 21, Retrieved May 22, August 11, Retrieved September 12, Archived from the original on August 11, Retrieved January 21, Xbox Blog. February 13, Retrieved March 18, Retrieved February 14, Xbox Wire.

May 14, Retrieved May 15, Archived from the original on December 1, Retrieved April 2, Retrieved November 15, MKV and. FLAC files all on its own". PC Games Hardware in German. May 5, Retrieved April 11, DirectX Developer Blog. Archived from the original on October 4, Retrieved October 3, October 3, March 21, Retrieved June 20, PC Perspective.

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Archived from the original on May 1, Retrieved February 1, May 16, While our free offer to upgrade to Windows 10 will not apply to Non-Genuine Windows devices. March 19, Retrieved March 19, Retrieved August 13, July 31, Windows 10 blog. Microsoft Corporation. October 12, Retrieved October 12, Retrieved July 4, Network World. July 28, Retrieved July 29, Retrieved August 1, May 9, Retrieved November 3, Retrieved November 14, July 27, Retrieved April 4, Microsoft Tech Community.

August 12, July 17, July 20, Retrieved September 3, September 14, Section 13b. Retrieved March 30, August 3, Microsoft Support Lifecycle.

Retrieved August 10, Archived from the original on October 2, Retrieved January 6, Desktop software distributed through Windows Store is packaged using the App-V system to allow sandboxing. Web apps are executed from remote servers, and have access to Windows functions such as notifications and camera access. The title of "Action Center" in Windows 10 is usurped by a sidebar that provides a list of received notifications and a group of "Quick actions" buttons for different settings areas.

It is accessed by clicking the Notifications icon in the system tray, or swiping from the right of the screen on touchscreens. Windows 10 brings improvements to the system's command-line interface. Unlike in previous versions of Windows NT, the Win32 console windows can now be resized without any restrictions. Microsoft also enabled the use of standard keyboard shortcuts, such as those for cut, copy, and paste , within the console. Word wrapping and keyboard shortcuts to move the caret, select and manipulate text have become available.

The user has the option to disable the new features and return to the legacy console if they wish. Continuum is the blanket title for a group of features on Windows 10 that are designed to enable smoother transitions between a default interface mode designed for use with a keyboard and mouse , and an interface designed for touchscreen environments, especially on hybrid devices such as laplets.

Enabling "Tablet mode" switches the primary interface to a full screen version of the Start menu, and opens all applications in a maximized view by default. The taskbar is also modified, adding a Back button next to the Start button, and by default, hiding buttons for opened and pinned applications. Task View is used as the primary means of switching programs.

Windows can prompt to switch between these two modes, or automatically do so, if certain events occur, such as plugging in a keyboard or mouse to a tablet, switching a laplet to its laptop state, or vice versa. Windows 10 has brought the Cortana assistant from Windows Phone 8. By default, Cortana appears as a search pane on the taskbar, but can be changed into a button, like in tablet mode, and can be activated by voice using the command "Hey Cortana", when a user searches the Start menu, or when a user searches the Cortana search pane.

With Cortana, users can ask Cortana questions about the weather, calendar events, and other types of notifications, along with online information. Windows 10 reintroduced the start menu as seen in versions of Windows prior to 8. However, unlike these versions, the new start menu includes live tile features from Windows 8. It is possible to resize the Start menu and view recently added and most used applications. It can also be made full screen for tablet users or users that prefer a Windows 8-like experience.

The menu can contain a limited amount of columns, depending on the screen resolution. These columns can be divided in groups that can all have their own title. Every group is divided into 6 or 8 other columns, depending on the user's settings, to allow either 6 or 8 small sized tiles next to each other. Task View can also be displayed when a window is snapped to half the screen or three windows are snapped to fourths of the screen, prompting for a window to occupy the remainder of the screen.

Task View also allows the creation of virtual workspaces; windows can be dragged into and out of these workspaces. The modern Settings app from Windows 8 continues to evolve in Windows 10, incorporating more system setting configuration functionality from the Windows Control Panel.

The ultimate goal is to make the Settings app feature complete, obviating the need for the Control Panel. The Push-button reset function has been changed to utilize files from the current Windows installation to rebuild the system rather than a separate recovery image. System updates carry over into the new installation and do not have to be re-downloaded. Windows Hello is a feature on Windows 10 that allows users to unlock the device with a user's fingerprint, iris scan, or face.

It is an alternate option for signing in. Long passwords are hard to remember, [42] [43] so users use Windows Hello. There are two ways to unlock the device. This feature uses IR camera to scan the user's face, similar to Apple's Face ID , you can unlock the computer with it. Although you can use an external IR camera, computer manufacturers today are integrating IR cameras. Windows 10 November Update , or Windows 10 Version , codenamed " Threshold 2 ", is the first major update to Windows The first preview was released on August 18, The final release was made available to Windows Insiders on November 3, , followed by a public release on November 12, to existing Windows 10 users, and as a free upgrade from Windows 7 and Windows 8.

Unlike the initial release of Windows, this branch was also made available to existing Windows Phone 8. Windows 10 Anniversary Update , or Windows 10 Version , codenamed " Redstone 1 ", [62] [63] [64] is the second major update to Windows 10 and the first of the 2 major updates that were given the "Redstone" codename. Universal Windows Platform apps can now support extensions, allowing for add-ons and DLCs for such apps and games, respectively.

Furthermore, these add-ons can be managed from the Windows Settings app. The anniversary update for Windows 10 adds Windows Subsystem for Linux. This allows the Ubuntu user space to run natively on Windows. This allows the Bash and other Ubuntu command line apps to run within the Windows console. There is, however, the interoperability restriction: Bash cannot run Windows apps and Windows cannot run Linux software.

   


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